 |
HOME |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Home > philippines > CHAPTER 7 |  |
 |
| Index_philippines |
|
| CHAPTER 1 |
|
| CHAPTER 2 |
|
| CHAPTER 3 |
|
| CHAPTER 4 |
|
| CHAPTER 5 |
|
| CHAPTER 6 |
|
| CHAPTER 7 |
|
|
 |
 |
|
 |
||
|
 |
|
CHAPTER 7. | |
|
Research and Development |
|
|
|
Primary R&D requisites in a biofuels program may be categorized as follows: studies about crops that may be used in the production of fuels; knowledge and technology generation related to biofuels production and utilization; market research on feedstocks and fuels; economic research including crop production impact to industry and agriculture; impact study on the application of fuel and biofuel tagging for more efficient monitoring and testing; and the studies on advantages and disadvantages on societies and environment. The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and the Department of Agriculture (DA) shall coordinate in identifying and developing viable feedstock for the production of biofuels. The DOST, through PCIERD shall develop and implement an R&D program in biofuel production and utilization technology, and publish and promote related technologies developed locally and abroad. Other R&D institutions, colleges and universities, both public and private, can contribute significantly in this area. In addition to the priority areas mentioned, studies shall be undertaken on genetic material improvement, farming system development, socioeconomic evaluation, feasibility studies, and energetic studies. The priority programs and projects that cut across the productive sectors involved in biofuels production and utilization. The concerns shown in the first 5 years of the biofuels program are as follows: feedstock production and processing, biofuels production, testing and utilization, environmental and economic impact, and societal response. |
|
|
|
Biodiesel |
|
|
|
Coconut |
|
|
|
- Process enhancement (production eff., cycle time, energy eff.) - By-products value-added development - Test protocol development for IDO & higher blend - IDO blend performance testing &standards development CME higher blend performance testing & standards development |
|
|
|
Jatropha |
|
|
|
- Varietal improvement, crop management - Process Development - de-huller, expeller, esterification - Demonstration/Pilot Plant - By-products value-added development - Industrial & Health products - Oil for household application development - Performance testing for 1-5% blend - Performance testing for higher blend Standards development |
|
|
|
Palm Oil & Used Cooking Oil |
|
|
|
- Multi-feedstock pilot processing plant - Used cooking oil production modeling study - Performance testing Standards development |
|
|
|
Micro-algae |
|
|
|
- Varietal study & selection - Laboratory scale process development - Propagation assessment & techno-economic study - Bench scale/pilot processing plant |
|
|
|
Non-FAME Biodiesel |
|
|
|
- Technology assessment Analytical and performance testings |
|
|
|
Bioethanoll |
|
|
|
Sugarcane |
|
|
|
- Varietal improvement - Process enhancement – yeast improvement, fermentation, distillation - Performance testing on different blends Standards development for higher blends |
|
|
|
Sweet Sorghum |
|
|
|
- Varietal selection, crop management - Demonstration/bench scale/pilot plant - By-products value-added development - Performance testing Standards development |
|
|
|
Cassava, Sweet Potato, Cellulose |
|
|
|
- Agro & processing techno-economic study - Laboratory study/bench scale plant - Multi-feedstock production techno-economic study - Mutli-feedstock pilot processing plant |
|
|
|
Developed R&D technologies shall be packaged and transferred to farmers through the establishment of demo or model farms, conduct of trainings and distribution of information, and education and communication materials. Capability building of farmers is one way of empowering them, and developing farm efficiency and productivity, thus, increasing the farm income. Technical personnel in the DA & SRA shall also be equipped with the necessary know-how on current technologies through observational tours and foreign trainings. |
|
|
|
The Philippine National Oil Company (PNOC), particularly the Alternative Fuels Corporation (AFC) was given primary responsibility to invest and carry out the business pertaining to alternative fuels by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo during the NEDA-NAPC Joint Cabinet Meeting on August 8, 2006. |
|
|
|
PNOC-AFC assessed sites and established mega nurseries as well as plantations of Jatropha, both for R&D and commercial purposes. The company is collaborating with DA and DOST in R&D activities, specifically on feedstock development, farm management modeling, and process plant piloting. |
|
|
|
The development of high-yielding varieties of sugarcane will be intensified, and tests will be conducted to determine the most economical maturity age of sugarcane for ethanol production. The basic raw material for ethanol production is glucose, which is a major form of sugar found in sugarcane aged 7 to 8 months, as compared with 10 to 12 months harvesting period for the manufacture of sugar. Shorter harvesting period for sugarcane will reduce its annual agricultural cost and increase its annual cropping yield, which will redound to an increase of the farmers’ income. |
|
|
|
Extension and coordination activities shall be intensified through the formation of more farmers’ cooperatives and associations, thereby strengthening the farmers’ involvement in feedstock development and in updating their farming systems. |
|
|
|
Product testing of bioethanol using higher blends for both the anhydrous and hydrous ethanol shall be conducted to prepare for future applications. Higher displacement of bioethanol in fossil fuels will mean a cleaner and safer environment for the entire populace especially those residing in the urban areas. |
|
 |
 |
|
|
|
| Site Policy |  |
|
|